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Glucagonoma (glucagon + - oma) is a malignant tumor originating from the alpha cells of the islet apparatus of the pancreas. Sildenafil is located in various parts of the pancreas, abundantly vascularized and closely connected with the vessels. The size of the tumor is 4-10 cm in diameter, the shape is different - from spherical to order viagra online, the weight can reach 50 g.
Tumor cells are usually pleomorphic, with a large nucleus and one large nucleolus. Histochemically, they give positive reactions for argyrophilicity, chromium-hematoxylin-phloxin, paraaminobenzaldehyde, the reaction with aldehyde-fuchsin is negative. Electron microscopy reveals a significantly larger alpha cell size in the tumor compared to the normal gland. It is clinically manifested by diabetes mellitus (see Diabetes mellitus), which occurs in the early stages of the tumor process and is characterized by the absence of ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia. The disappearance of the papillae of the tongue is characteristic (the so-called varnished tongue).
Diagnosis is based on a wedge, data and laboratory researches (determination of content of sugar in blood and urine, glucagon in blood). In view of the rapid occurrence of metastases, scanning of the pancreas, arteriography of the truncus celiacus system, puncture biopsy of the tumor, and sometimes diagnostic laparotomy are important. Treatment is operative. In order to compensate for diabetes, insulin therapy is prescribed).
The prognosis after surgery is uncertain. A relapsing course of the disease is characteristic, irritability, insomnia, and headaches are often noted. The diagnosis is made on the basis of the determination of helminths extracted from the mucous membrane. The prognosis is favorable when removing helminths. The meaning of the word gongylonematosis. Gongylonematosis in the crossword dictionary. Gongylonematosis (gongylonemosis) is a helminthiasis from the group of nematodosis caused by Gongylonema pulchrum and characterized by the formation of small papules and erosions on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and esophagus, stomatitis and pharyngitis.
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Selection of the answer to the scanword by letter. Enter the first letter first, then the second, and so on. Selection of the answer to the scanword by mask and definition. Indicate the letters you know and the answer is sure to be found. Answers to scanwords, divided by the number of letters in the answer. List of the most popular answers most frequently searched in our database. Medical encyclopedia - gongylonematosis. Gongylonematosis is a nematode disease of one-hoofed animals caused by spirurides.
Nematode pathogens - Gongylonema pulchrum - ranging in size from 1.5 to 4 cm in length, white. At the head ends of the helminths, characteristic cuticular plaques are located in longitudinal rows, forming a kind of ornament. The tail ends of the males have two spicules of unequal size. Gongilonemes parasitize in animals in the thickness of the epithelial layer of generic sildenafil, and sometimes the stomach, where they make zigzag passages. Gongilonemes are biohelminths. Females release eggs with formed larvae. Intermediate hosts are dung beetles and cockroaches, in the body cavity of which the infective larva Gongiloneme develops within a month.
- Animals become infected by ingestion of infested beetles or cockroaches (live or dead) along with food. After 56-60 days, sexually mature helminths develop in the body of animals, which can parasitize for a year or more.
- Gongylonematosis is registered mainly in the southern regions of the country, mainly in ruminants (in sheep and cattle) and relatively less frequently in one-hoofed animals.
- Epizootology and symptoms. Animals become infected in pastures, stable areas and possibly in stables (through cockroaches).
- Clinical symptoms of gongylonematosis in one-hoofed animals have not been studied.
- The mucous membrane is compacted, hyperemic, with multiple hemorrhages, abundantly covered with viscous mucus. In the places of localization of parasites, zigzag passages or capsule-shaped formations are visible, upon opening of which helminths are found.
Posthumously, at autopsy, attention is paid to the mucous membrane of the esophagus and the cardia of the stomach. Gongilonem eggs are found in the feces of animals during their lifetime. The eggs are small, oval-round in shape, with thick gray shells and a larva inside, rolled into a ball. Treatment and prevention of gongylonematosis in animals have not been developed.
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Gongylonematosis is a larval nematodosis-zoonosis, manifested by a variety of symptoms and signs. The causative agent is Gongilonema pulchrum, a long thin nematode measuring up to 50-75 mm in length or more. The life cycle takes place in the final (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs) and intermediate (various arthropods) hosts. The final hosts release helminth eggs into the external environment, when they are swallowed by intermediate hosts, larvae emerge from them, migrating into the body cavity of the arthropod.
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After molting, the larvae encapsulate, and the invasive insect becomes a helminth transmission factor. When an insect is swallowed by an animal (and a human), the larvae leave the capsule, migrate into the wall of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
Perhaps the infection occurred in the fall of 1986 during agricultural work, when, as the patient noted, she ate unwashed Food. The diagnosis is based on the identification of the extracted helminth larvae. Treatment is surgical, sometimes patients remove the parasite themselves with fingers or a needle. Epidemiology. Human infection occurs as a result of accidental ingestion of insects (in particular, cockroaches) - intermediate hosts of the parasite or drinking water in which there are helminth larvae that have emerged from degenerated insects.
At the stage of puberty, gongilonemes parasitize in the thickness of the epithelial cover of the esophagus, stomach, less often the pharynx and small intestines of dogs, wolves, sometimes cattle, horses and other mammals. Gongylonematosis was also registered in a person whose helminths are localized on the mucous membrane of the lips, mouth and esophagus. Intermediate hosts are Prussian cockroaches, dung beetles and other insects. Infection with gongylonematosis of humans and mammals occurs by ingestion of cockroaches and other insects, as well as by the use of food and water that contain helminth larvae that have emerged from dead intermediate hosts.